ABSTRACT
AbstractSome publications have described the pharmacological properties of latices proteins. Thus, in the present study proteins from Plumeria pudica Jacq., Apocynaceae, latex were evaluated for anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities. Obtained data showed that an intraperitoneal administration of different doses of latex was able to reduce the paw edema induced by carrageenan in a dose-dependent manner (better dose 40 mg/kg; 72.7% inhibition at 3rd and 78.7% at 4th hour) and the edema induced by dextran (40 mg/kg; 51.5% inhibition at 30 min and 93.0% at 1st hour). Inhibition of edema induced by carrageenan was accompanied by a reduction of myeloperoxidase activity. Pre-treating animals with latex (40 mg/kg) also inhibited the paw edema induced by histamine, serotonin, bradykinin, prostaglandin E2, compound 48/80. Additionally, the latex (40 mg/kg) reduced the leukocyte peritoneal migration induced by carrageenan and this event was followed by reduction of IL-1β and TNF-α in peritoneal fluid. The latex-treatment (40 mg/kg) reduced the animal abdominal constrictions induced by acetic acid and the first phase on paw licking model induced by formalin. When latex was treated with heat (at 100 °C for 30 min), anti-edematogenic and myeloperoxidase activities were significantly reduced, indicating the involvement of heat-sensitive proteins on anti-inflammatory effect. Our results evidence that latex fluids are a source of proteins with pharmacological properties.
ABSTRACT
RACIONAL: A síndrome hepatopulmonar é formada por tríade clínica composta de doença hepática, dilatação vascular intrapulmonar e alterações de gases sanguíneos. Sua patogênese não é bem definida, mas especula-se que uma combinação de fatores, tais como o desequilíbrio das respostas dos receptores de endotelina, remodelação microvascular pulmonar e predisposição genética, leva à translocação bacteriana e dilatação vascular intrapulmonar. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a atividade da mieloperoxidase em modelo experimental de síndrome hepatopulmonar em ratos. MÉTODO: Foram estudados 29 animais divididos em grupos controle, sham e experimental de síndrome hepatopulmonar. O modelo experimental utilizado para induzir a síndrome foi a ligadura de ducto biliar comum. RESULTADOS: Os níveis de mieloperoxidase foram significativamente maiores no grupo ligadura de ducto biliar comum em comparação com os outros grupos. A atividade da mieloperoxidase foi maior no grupo ligadura de ducto biliar comum que o grupo controle (p<0,05) e do grupo sham (p<0,05). CONCLUSÃO: A atividade da mieloperoxidase estava aumentada na síndrome hepatopulmonar experimentais em ratos.
BACKGROUND: Hepatopulmonary syndrome is formed by a triad of liver disease, intrapulmonary vascular dilatation and changes in blood gases. Its pathogenesis is not well defined, but it is speculated that a combination of factors, such as the imbalance of endothelin receptor responses, pulmonary microvascular remodeling, and genetic predisposition, leads to bacterial translocation and intrapulmonary vascular dilatation. AIM: To evaluate the myeloperoxidase activity in hepatopulmonary syndrome in rat model. METHOD: Twenty-nine rats were divided into control, sham and experimental hepatopulmonary syndrome groups. Was evaluated the myeloperoxidase activity and the experimental model used to induce hepatopulmonary syndrome was common bile duct ligation. RESULTS: The myeloperoxidase activity levels were significantly increased in the common bile duct ligation group as compared with the other groups. Myeloperoxidase activity was higher in the common bile duct ligation group than control group (p<0.05) and than sham group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The myeloperoxidase activity is increased in experimental hepatopulmonary syndrome in rats.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Hepatopulmonary Syndrome/enzymology , Peroxidase/metabolism , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
Background: Ayurvedic polyherbal formulations are widely prescribed for a wide range of infl ammatory conditions, yet, despite widespread use, there has been no systematic documentation of their safety and effi cacy. Objective: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the anti-infl ammatory activity of aqueous extracts of Ajmodadi churna (AJM) in rats. Materials and Methods: Carrageenan-induced hind paw edema and air pouch infl ammation models were used for the study. Results: The extracts showed signifi cant antiinfl ammatory activity, reducing paw edema volume by 0.417 ± 0.097 and 0.379 ± 0.049, respectively. In the carrageenan-induced air pouch model, AJM reduced total leukocyte count by 73.09 ± 7.13 and 62.17 ± 10.53, granulocyte count by 69.48 ± 5.44 and 63.33 ± 4.13, and myeloperoxidase activity by 14.84 ± 0.91 and 18.44 ± 3.18, respectively, compared to controls. Discussion and Conclusion: AJM signifi cantly reduced paw edema, during the second phase of edema development. In the carrageenan-induced air pouch model, AJM inhibited cellular infi ltration into the air pouch fl uid. We conclude that AJM is an effective candidate for prevention or treatment of acute infl ammation.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Cyclic flow variations(CFVs) is defined as morphological evidence of wide flow velocity variations in the Doppler signals due rapid spontaneous changes showing cyclic reduction and abrupt reperfusion of blood flow velocity seen in the critically stenotic arteries. Since first development of the CFVs model using dog by Folts and Uchida, it has been widely used as exellent experiemental model for study of the Acute ischemic heart disease syndrome including unstable angina. Nowadays it has been well documented that these CFVs are closely associated with temporal platelet aggregation and followed thrombus formation at the stenotic arterial lesion with endothelial or medial injury and subsequent release of various chemical mediators, eg. thromboxan A2 and serotonin. Also the CFVs can be seen in some patients of coronary artery stenosis during underwent PTCA, femoral artery stenosis and carotid or cerebral artery stenosis as well as in animal models. Moreover, CFVs has been thought to be the natural preconditioning in the unstable angina. METHODS: We tried to make the CFVs model using left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) in 6 dogs. Pericardial cradle was made through 5th intercostal thoracotomy. The LAD was isolated carefully and critically stenosed by plastic constrictor and Doppler velocimeter probe was placed under the constrictor. After then intimal and medial layer of the LAD was damaged by a forcep. After appearing of CFVs, we observed and recorded for an hour. Myeloperoxide(MPO) activity in the ischemic and non-ischemic area of the myocardium were studied and compared after sacrifice. RESULTS: CFVs was found in all 6 dogs within an hour. The mean frequency of the CFVs was 9.8+/-4.45 times/hour. The mean coronary blood flow was 5.7+/-2.7 ml/min. And MPO activity was 1.47+/-0.5 units/g tissue in the ischemic myocardium and 0.49+/-0.27 units/g tissue in the non-ischemic area with statistical significance(p<0.005). CONCLUSIONS: CFVs model using various animal models and arterial sites can widely provide usefulness to document pathophysiology and pharmacologic mechanism in human acute ischemic heart disease syndromes.